From 8d6cd3c3abaabb42cc7842cd897a424fa5fbc739 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: Refik Hadzialic Date: Wed, 22 Aug 2012 17:22:39 +0200 Subject: GSM last section --- vorlagen/thesis/maindoc.pdf | Bin 6923184 -> 6931523 bytes vorlagen/thesis/src/.kapitel_x.tex.kate-swp | Bin 48 -> 0 bytes vorlagen/thesis/src/bib/literatur.bib | 13 +- vorlagen/thesis/src/img/SDCCHRequest.pdf | Bin 0 -> 8404 bytes vorlagen/thesis/src/img/SDCCHRequest.svg | 321 ++++++++++++++++++++++++++++ vorlagen/thesis/src/kapitel_x.tex | 22 +- vorlagen/thesis/src/maindoc.lof | 19 +- vorlagen/thesis/src/maindoc.lot | 16 +- 8 files changed, 370 insertions(+), 21 deletions(-) delete mode 100644 vorlagen/thesis/src/.kapitel_x.tex.kate-swp create mode 100644 vorlagen/thesis/src/img/SDCCHRequest.pdf create mode 100644 vorlagen/thesis/src/img/SDCCHRequest.svg diff --git a/vorlagen/thesis/maindoc.pdf b/vorlagen/thesis/maindoc.pdf index 622ea69..1ce7a3a 100644 Binary files a/vorlagen/thesis/maindoc.pdf and b/vorlagen/thesis/maindoc.pdf differ diff --git a/vorlagen/thesis/src/.kapitel_x.tex.kate-swp b/vorlagen/thesis/src/.kapitel_x.tex.kate-swp deleted file mode 100644 index 5d0bdff..0000000 Binary files a/vorlagen/thesis/src/.kapitel_x.tex.kate-swp and /dev/null differ diff --git a/vorlagen/thesis/src/bib/literatur.bib b/vorlagen/thesis/src/bib/literatur.bib index 174eaf4..0e8d343 100644 --- a/vorlagen/thesis/src/bib/literatur.bib +++ b/vorlagen/thesis/src/bib/literatur.bib @@ -336,7 +336,7 @@ note = {[Online; accessed 27-June-2012]} } @book{9780849316579, - Author = {edited by Mohamed Ibnkahla}, + Author = {Mohamed Ibnkahla}, Title = {Signal Processing for Mobile Communications Handbook}, Publisher = {CRC Press}, Year = {2004}, @@ -452,8 +452,7 @@ note = {[Online; accessed 27-June-2012]} Title = {Mobile Positioning and Tracking: From Conventional to Cooperative Techniques}, Publisher = {Wiley}, Year = {2010}, - ISBN = {0470694513}, - URL = {http://www.amazon.com/Mobile-Positioning-Tracking-Conventional-Cooperative/dp/0470694513%3FSubscriptionId%3D0JYN1NVW651KCA56C102%26tag%3Dtechkie-20%26linkCode%3Dxm2%26camp%3D2025%26creative%3D165953%26creativeASIN%3D0470694513} + ISBN = {0470694513} } @misc{GPSiphoneCost, @@ -696,4 +695,12 @@ ISSN={0018-9251},} Publisher = {Wiley}, Year = {2009}, ISBN = {0470030704} +} + +@book{0470844574, + Author = {Timo Halonen and Javier Romero and Juan Melero}, + Title = {GSM, GPRS and EDGE Performance: Evolution Toward 3G/UMTS}, + Publisher = {John Wiley \& Sons}, + Year = {2002}, + ISBN = {0470844574} } \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/vorlagen/thesis/src/img/SDCCHRequest.pdf b/vorlagen/thesis/src/img/SDCCHRequest.pdf new file mode 100644 index 0000000..6caad77 Binary files /dev/null and b/vorlagen/thesis/src/img/SDCCHRequest.pdf differ diff --git a/vorlagen/thesis/src/img/SDCCHRequest.svg b/vorlagen/thesis/src/img/SDCCHRequest.svg new file mode 100644 index 0000000..d530f11 --- /dev/null +++ b/vorlagen/thesis/src/img/SDCCHRequest.svg @@ -0,0 +1,321 @@ + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + image/svg+xml + + + + + + + MS + + BTS + + + + Paging request (PCH) + + Channel request (RACH) + + Assign channel (AGCH) + + Channel usage (SDCCH) + + + + + diff --git a/vorlagen/thesis/src/kapitel_x.tex b/vorlagen/thesis/src/kapitel_x.tex index baebf75..f28a102 100644 --- a/vorlagen/thesis/src/kapitel_x.tex +++ b/vorlagen/thesis/src/kapitel_x.tex @@ -1308,7 +1308,7 @@ AGPS receivers work on the equivalent idea as warm/hot start on GPS receivers. Instead of loading the recently saved data from the EEPROM, an external information transfer medium is used to deliver the equivalent type of information that are known at a warm/hot start \citep{755159}, \citep{901174}, \citep{springerlink:10.1007/s10291-002-0028-0}. -In this work, the external transfer medium is air and the information are transfered using electromagnetic +In this work, the external transfer medium is air and the information are transferred using electromagnetic waves. The existing GSM interface was utilised for the purpose of delivering the data to the smart phone with an AGPS receiver. The basic scenario can be seen in figure \ref{img:agpsPrinciple}. @@ -1600,7 +1600,27 @@ Random access channel&RACH&Request from MS to BTS for a communication& MS$\right \end {tabular} \end {table} +The protocol scenario occuring in this work can be seen in figure \ref{img:SDCCHReq} \citep{0470844574}. +In order for the assistance data to be delivered to the MS, an SDCCH channel has to be initialized. +This occurs in the following procedure, the BTS where the MS has been lastly active or idle +broadcast a paging request (PCH channel) to the selected MS. After the MS obtains the paging request, the MS shall +try to send a random access request (RACH channel) using the Slotted Aloha protocol. Another MS could +transmit a random access request in the same time slot allowing collisions to occur. In case there was no collision, +if the BTS successfully received the random access request and at the moment of reception has a free SDCCH channels, +it will immediatelly reserve an SDCCH channel and send the MS an assignment request (AGCH channel) back. +After the MS obtains the assignment request, the SDCCH channel is initialized and data can be transferred in both +directions, in this case assistance data to the MS and acknowledgements, errors or the position from the MS back +to the BTS. In the case if all SDCCH channels are reserved, the network will queue an SDCCH request for later assignment +or it may send an assignment reject. While the SDCCH channel connection has been established assistance data can be +transmitted to the MS. While an active SDCCH conecction exists, the MS will receive and transmit +radio link control messages (signal strength and synchronization data) on the SACCH channel \citep{0470844574}. +\begin{figure}[ht!] + \centering + \includegraphics[scale=0.50]{img/SDCCHRequest.pdf} + \caption{Initializing an successful SDCCH channel..} +\label{img:SDCCHReq} +\end{figure} diff --git a/vorlagen/thesis/src/maindoc.lof b/vorlagen/thesis/src/maindoc.lof index 3205241..407ea33 100644 --- a/vorlagen/thesis/src/maindoc.lof +++ b/vorlagen/thesis/src/maindoc.lof @@ -28,17 +28,18 @@ \contentsline {figure}{\numberline {3.2}{\ignorespaces Each frequency channel is split into 8 time slots. More GSM users can be served at the ``same'' time.\relax }}{40}{figure.caption.30} \contentsline {figure}{\numberline {3.3}{\ignorespaces Hierarchy of the GSM frames.\relax }}{40}{figure.caption.31} \contentsline {figure}{\numberline {3.4}{\ignorespaces Basic GSM network block diagram.\relax }}{42}{figure.caption.32} +\contentsline {figure}{\numberline {3.5}{\ignorespaces Initializing an successful SDCCH channel..\relax }}{46}{figure.caption.35} \addvspace {10\p@ } -\contentsline {figure}{\numberline {4.1}{\ignorespaces RRLP Request protocol. Assistance data can be sent before the request is made. If the assistance data are sent, their reception acknowledgement is sent as a response from the MS.\relax }}{48}{figure.caption.35} -\contentsline {figure}{\numberline {4.2}{\ignorespaces An example RRLP request. Constructing a binary RRLP request in PER from ASN.1. Yellow zero bits are extension markers or spare bits. \relax }}{54}{figure.caption.36} -\contentsline {figure}{\numberline {4.3}{\ignorespaces Reference location is a 14 octet stream built according to the given rule as specified in the standard \citep {3gppequations} under section \textit {7.3.6}.\relax }}{58}{figure.caption.37} -\contentsline {figure}{\numberline {4.4}{\ignorespaces World Geodetic System 1984\relax }}{58}{figure.caption.38} -\contentsline {figure}{\numberline {4.5}{\ignorespaces Requested AGPS assistance data to be delivered\relax }}{64}{figure.caption.43} +\contentsline {figure}{\numberline {4.1}{\ignorespaces RRLP Request protocol. Assistance data can be sent before the request is made. If the assistance data are sent, their reception acknowledgement is sent as a response from the MS.\relax }}{48}{figure.caption.36} +\contentsline {figure}{\numberline {4.2}{\ignorespaces An example RRLP request. Constructing a binary RRLP request in PER from ASN.1. Yellow zero bits are extension markers or spare bits. \relax }}{54}{figure.caption.37} +\contentsline {figure}{\numberline {4.3}{\ignorespaces Reference location is a 14 octet stream built according to the given rule as specified in the standard \citep {3gppequations} under section \textit {7.3.6}.\relax }}{58}{figure.caption.38} +\contentsline {figure}{\numberline {4.4}{\ignorespaces World Geodetic System 1984\relax }}{58}{figure.caption.39} +\contentsline {figure}{\numberline {4.5}{\ignorespaces Requested AGPS assistance data to be delivered\relax }}{64}{figure.caption.44} \addvspace {10\p@ } \addvspace {10\p@ } -\contentsline {figure}{\numberline {6.1}{\ignorespaces nanoBTS with its plastic cover. Image courtesy of ip.access ltd\relax }}{70}{figure.caption.47} -\contentsline {figure}{\numberline {6.2}{\ignorespaces nanoBTS with two external antennas and five connection ports\relax }}{71}{figure.caption.49} -\contentsline {figure}{\numberline {6.3}{\ignorespaces Navilock NL-402U, opened up with the antenna and USB cable\relax }}{72}{figure.caption.51} -\contentsline {figure}{\numberline {6.4}{\ignorespaces Cable connections, showing interconnection diagram\relax }}{73}{figure.caption.52} +\contentsline {figure}{\numberline {6.1}{\ignorespaces nanoBTS with its plastic cover. Image courtesy of ip.access ltd\relax }}{70}{figure.caption.48} +\contentsline {figure}{\numberline {6.2}{\ignorespaces nanoBTS with two external antennas and five connection ports\relax }}{71}{figure.caption.50} +\contentsline {figure}{\numberline {6.3}{\ignorespaces Navilock NL-402U, opened up with the antenna and USB cable\relax }}{72}{figure.caption.52} +\contentsline {figure}{\numberline {6.4}{\ignorespaces Cable connections, showing interconnection diagram\relax }}{73}{figure.caption.53} \addvspace {10\p@ } \addvspace {10\p@ } diff --git a/vorlagen/thesis/src/maindoc.lot b/vorlagen/thesis/src/maindoc.lot index 693ac6f..d841674 100644 --- a/vorlagen/thesis/src/maindoc.lot +++ b/vorlagen/thesis/src/maindoc.lot @@ -7,15 +7,15 @@ \contentsline {table}{\numberline {3.2}{\ignorespaces Traffic channels on the Air interface\relax }}{45}{table.caption.33} \contentsline {table}{\numberline {3.3}{\ignorespaces Control channels on the Air interface\relax }}{45}{table.caption.34} \addvspace {10\p@ } -\contentsline {table}{\numberline {4.1}{\ignorespaces GPS UTC Model content\relax }}{59}{table.caption.39} -\contentsline {table}{\numberline {4.2}{\ignorespaces Navigation message (ephemeris) content\relax }}{60}{table.caption.40} -\contentsline {table}{\numberline {4.3}{\ignorespaces Almanac message content\relax }}{61}{table.caption.41} -\contentsline {table}{\numberline {4.4}{\ignorespaces GPS Ionosphere Model content\relax }}{61}{table.caption.42} -\contentsline {table}{\numberline {4.5}{\ignorespaces Requested AGPS assistance data bit meaning\relax }}{65}{table.caption.44} +\contentsline {table}{\numberline {4.1}{\ignorespaces GPS UTC Model content\relax }}{59}{table.caption.40} +\contentsline {table}{\numberline {4.2}{\ignorespaces Navigation message (ephemeris) content\relax }}{60}{table.caption.41} +\contentsline {table}{\numberline {4.3}{\ignorespaces Almanac message content\relax }}{61}{table.caption.42} +\contentsline {table}{\numberline {4.4}{\ignorespaces GPS Ionosphere Model content\relax }}{61}{table.caption.43} +\contentsline {table}{\numberline {4.5}{\ignorespaces Requested AGPS assistance data bit meaning\relax }}{65}{table.caption.45} \addvspace {10\p@ } \addvspace {10\p@ } -\contentsline {table}{\numberline {6.1}{\ignorespaces Indicator LED status on the nanoBTS\relax }}{74}{table.caption.50} +\contentsline {table}{\numberline {6.1}{\ignorespaces Indicator LED status on the nanoBTS\relax }}{74}{table.caption.51} \addvspace {10\p@ } \addvspace {10\p@ } -\contentsline {table}{\numberline {A.3.1}{\ignorespaces Example uncertainties (latitude and longitude) for various integer values of $K$\relax }}{87}{table.caption.58} -\contentsline {table}{\numberline {A.3.2}{\ignorespaces Example uncertainties (altitude) for various integer values of $K$\relax }}{88}{table.caption.59} +\contentsline {table}{\numberline {A.3.1}{\ignorespaces Example uncertainties (latitude and longitude) for various integer values of $K$\relax }}{87}{table.caption.59} +\contentsline {table}{\numberline {A.3.2}{\ignorespaces Example uncertainties (altitude) for various integer values of $K$\relax }}{88}{table.caption.60} -- cgit v1.2.3-55-g7522