From ff4bb8483ce96e6382f89140e9d2739a99a48ede Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: Refik Hadzialic Date: Tue, 4 Sep 2012 23:26:59 +0200 Subject: changes --- vorlagen/thesis/src/kapitel_A.tex | 284 +++++++++++++++++++++++++++++--------- 1 file changed, 222 insertions(+), 62 deletions(-) (limited to 'vorlagen/thesis/src/kapitel_A.tex') diff --git a/vorlagen/thesis/src/kapitel_A.tex b/vorlagen/thesis/src/kapitel_A.tex index 2f7fae9..f25587a 100644 --- a/vorlagen/thesis/src/kapitel_A.tex +++ b/vorlagen/thesis/src/kapitel_A.tex @@ -446,68 +446,228 @@ usually every day\footnote{Almanac update times can be found here: \url{http://www.navcen.uscg.gov/?pageName=currentNanus&format=txt}} \citep{GPS-Pentagon}. \newpage -\section{Sourcecode} -Example: -\lstset{% -caption=,% -label=lst:example,% -} -\begin{lstlisting} -#include - -int main(void) -{ - printf("Hallo Welt!\n"); - return 0; -} -\end{lstlisting} +\clearpage +\section{GPS assistance data} +Description of assistance data is given in the following tables. These +are the RRLP assistance data converted in the RRLP packet generator software. + +\begin {table}[h] +\caption{GPS UTC Model content. Table courtesy of \citep{harper2010server-side}.} +\label{tbl:utcModel}\centering +%\rowcolor{2}{light-gray}{} +\scriptsize\fontfamily{iwona}\selectfont +\begin{tabular}{lllcc} +\toprule +%$D$&&$P_u$&$\sigma_N$\\ +Field (IE) & Description\\\toprule +$A_{1}$&Drift coefficient of GPS time scale relative\\ +&to UTC time scale\\\midrule +$A_{0}$&Bias coefficient of GPS time scale relative\\ +&to UTC time scale\\\midrule +$t_{ot}$&Time data reference time of week\\\midrule +$\Delta t_{LS}$&Current or past leap second count\\\midrule +$WN_{0}$&Time data reference week number\\\midrule +$WN_{LSF}$&Leap second reference week number\\\midrule +$DN$&Leap second reference day number\\\midrule +$\Delta t_{LSF}$&Current of future leap second count +\\\bottomrule +\end {tabular} +\end {table} + +\begin {table}[h] +\caption{GPS Ionosphere Model content. Table courtesy of \citep{harper2010server-side}.} +\label{tbl:ionoModel}\centering +%\rowcolor{2}{light-gray}{} +\scriptsize\fontfamily{iwona}\selectfont +\begin{tabular}{llllc} +\toprule +%$D$&&$P_u$&$\sigma_N$\\ +Field (IE) & Description\\\toprule +$\alpha_{0}$&Coefficient 0 of vertical delay\\\midrule +$\alpha_{1}$&Coefficient 1 of vertical delay\\\midrule +$\alpha_{2}$&Coefficient 2 of vertical delay\\\midrule +$\alpha_{3}$&Coefficient 3 of vertical delay\\\midrule +$\beta_{0}$&Coefficient 0 of period of the model\\\midrule +$\beta_{1}$&Coefficient 1 of period of the model\\\midrule +$\beta_{2}$&Coefficient 2 of period of the model\\\midrule +$\beta_{3}$&Coefficient 3 of period of the model +\\\bottomrule +\end {tabular} +\end {table} + +\begin {table}[ht] +\caption{Navigation message (ephemeris) content. Table courtesy of \citep{harper2010server-side}.} +\label{tbl:navMessage}\centering +%\rowcolor{2}{light-gray}{} +\scriptsize\fontfamily{iwona}\selectfont +\begin{tabular}{llll} +\toprule +%$D$&&$P_u$&$\sigma_N$\\ +Field (IE) & Description\\\toprule +Satellite ID&This is the satellite ID that is in the range of 0 to 63. PRN=SatelliteID + 1\\\midrule +Satellite status&This is an indicator of whether this is a new or existing satellite and whether\\ +&the navigation model is new or the same.\\\midrule +C/A or P on L2&Code(s) on L2 channel\\\midrule +URA Index&User range accuracy\\\midrule +SV Health&Satellite health\\\midrule +IODC&Issue of data, clock\\\midrule +L2 P Data flag& \\\midrule +SF 1 Reserved& \\\midrule +$T_{GD}$&Estimated group delay differential\\\midrule +$t_{oc}$&Apparent clock correction\\\midrule +$a_{f2}$&Apparent clock correction\\\midrule +$a_{f1}$&Apparent clock correction\\\midrule +$a_{f0}$&Apparent clock correction\\\midrule +$C_{rs}$&Ampltitude of the sine harmonic correction term to the orbit radius (meters)\\\midrule +$\Delta n$&Mean motion difference from computed value (semicircles/second)\\\midrule +$M_{0}$&Mean anomaly at reference time (semicircles)\\\midrule +$C_{uc}$&Ampltitude of the cosine harmonic correction term to the\\ +&argument of latitude (radians)\\\midrule +$e$&Eccentricity\\\midrule +$C_{us}$&Amplitude of the sine harmonic correction term to the argument of latitude\\ +&(radians)\\\midrule +$A^{1/2}$&Square root of semi-major axis (meters)\\\midrule +$t_{oe}$&Reference time ephemeris\\\midrule +Fit Interval Flag&\\\midrule +AODO&Age of data offset\\\midrule +$C_{ic}$&Amplitude of the cosine harmonic correction term to the angle of inclination\\ +&(radians)\\\midrule +$\Omega_0$&Longitude of ascending node of orbit plane at weekly epoch (semicircles)\\\midrule +$C_{is}$&Amplitude of the cosine harmonic correction term to the angle of inclination\\ +&(radians)\\\midrule +$i_{0}$&Inclination angle at reference time (semicircles)\\\midrule +$C_{rc}$&Amplitude of the cosine harmonic correction term to the orbit radius (meters)\\\midrule +$\omega$&Argument of perigee (semicircles)\\\midrule +OMEGAdot&Rate of right ascension (semicircles/second)\\\midrule +Idot&Rate of inclination angle (semicircles/second) +\\\bottomrule +\end {tabular} +\end {table} + +\begin {table}[ht] +\caption{Almanac message content. Table courtesy of \citep{harper2010server-side}.} +\label{tbl:almanacMessage}\centering +%\rowcolor{2}{light-gray}{} +\scriptsize\fontfamily{iwona}\selectfont +\begin{tabular}{lll} +\toprule +%$D$&&$P_u$&$\sigma_N$\\ +Field (IE) & Description\\\toprule +SatelliteID&This is the satellite ID that is in the range of 0 to 63. PRN=SatelliteID + 1\\\midrule +SV Health&Satellite health (e.q. 000 means the satellite is fully operational)\\\midrule +$e$&``Eccentricity shows the amount of the orbit deviation from circular (orbit).\\ +&It is the distance between the foci divided by the length of the semi-major axis'' \citep{ubxGPSDict}\\\midrule +TOA&Time of applicability, reference time for orbit and clock parameters (seconds).\\ +&``The number of seconds in the orbit when the almanac data were generated'' \citep{ubxGPSDict}\\\midrule +OI&Orbital inclination (radians). The angle to which the SV orbit meets\\ +&the equator \citep{ubxGPSDict}\\\midrule +RORA&Rate or right ascension (radians/second). ``Rate of change of the angle of right ascension\\ +&as defined in the Right Ascension mnemonic'' \citep{ubxGPSDict}\\\midrule +$A^{1/2}$& Square root of semi-major axis (meters$^{1/2}$). `` This is defined as the measurement\\ +&from the center of the orbit to either the point of apogee or the point of perigee'' \citep{ubxGPSDict}\\\midrule +$\Omega_0$& Right Ascension at Week (radians). Longitude of ascending node of orbit plane at\\ +&weekly epoch\\\midrule +$\omega$&Argument of perigee (semicircles). ``An angular measurement along the orbital path\\ +&measured from the ascending node to the point of perigee, measured in the direction of\\ +&the SV's motion'' \citep{ubxGPSDict}\\\midrule +$M_0$&Mean anomaly (radians)\\\midrule +$a_{f0}$&Satellite clock bias (seconds). Satellite clock error at reference time\\\midrule +$a_{f1}$&Satellite clock drift (seconds per second). Satellite clock error rate\\\midrule +Week&Week number since the last reset (i.e. since year 1980 modulo 1024 weeks) +\\\bottomrule +\end {tabular} +\end {table} + +\clearpage +\section{Troubleshooting the BTS} +While the work has been performed on OpenBSC, to open a data channel (SDCCH), +the BTS was sometimes sent in erroneous states. These states are reported +through a LED light on the BTS. Based on the color and flash type of the LED +one can find out the state of the BTS. These states are given in table +\ref{tbl:LEDStatus} with their appropriate meaning. They may help the +developer to troubleshoot and find the bug. + +\begin {table}[ht] +\caption{Indicator LED status on the nanoBTS. Table courtesy of \citep{installnanoBTS}.} +\label{tbl:LEDStatus}\centering +%\rowcolor{2}{light-gray}{} +\scriptsize\fontfamily{iwona}\selectfont +\begin{tabular}{llll} +\toprule +%$D$&&$P_u$&$\sigma_N$\\ +State&Color \& Pattern&When&Precedence\\\toprule +Self-test failure&Red - Steady &In boot or application code when a power&1 (High) \\ + &&on self-test fails\\\midrule +Unspecified failure&Red - Steady &On software fatal errors&2\\\midrule +No ethernet&Orange - Slow flash &Ethernet disconnected&3\\\midrule +Factory reset&Red - Fast blink &Dongle detected at start up and the&4\\ + &&factory defaults have been applied\\\midrule +Not configured&Alternating Red/&The unit has not been configured&5\\ + &Green Fast flash\\\midrule +Downloading code&Orange - Fast flash &Code download procedure is in progress&6\\\midrule +Establishing XML&Orange - Slow blink &A management link has not yet been established&7\\ + &&but is needed for the TRX to become operational.\\ + &&Specifically: for a master a Primary OML or\\ + &&Secondary OML is not yet established; for a\\ + &&slave an IML to its master or a Secondary \\ + &&OML is not yet established. \\\midrule +Self-test &Orange - Steady &From power on until end of backhaul&8\\ + &&power on self-test\\\midrule +NWL-test &Green - Fast flash& OML established, NWL test in progress&9\\\midrule +OCXO Calibration &Alternating Green/& The unit is in the fast calibrating state [SYNC]&10\\ + &Orange - Slow blink\\\midrule +Not transmitting &Green - Slow flash & The radio carrier is not being transmitted &11\\\midrule +Operational &Green - Steady & Default condition if none of the above apply&12 (Low)\\\bottomrule +\end {tabular} +\end {table} + +%\clearpage +%\section{GPS Constants and equations} +%\label{sec:gpsConsAndEq} +%\begin{alignat}{4} +% & A & = & \; (\sqrt{A})^2 \nonumber \\ +% & n_{0} & = &\; \sqrt{\frac{\mu}{A^3}} \nonumber \\ +% & t_{k} & = &\; t-t_{oe} \nonumber \\ +% & n & = &\; n_{0} + \Delta n \nonumber \\ +% & M_{k} & = &\; M_{0} + nt_{k} \nonumber \\ +% & M_{k} & = &\; E_{k} - e\sin E_{k} \nonumber \\ +% & v_{k} & = & \tan ^{-1} \left( \frac{\sin v_{k}}{\cos v_{k}} \right) = \tan ^{-1} \left( \frac{\frac{\sqrt{1-e^2} \sin E_{k}}{1-e \cos E_{k}}}{\frac{\cos E_{k}-e}{1-e\cos E_{k}}} \right) \nonumber \\ +% & v_{k} & = & \tan ^{-1} \left( \frac{\sin v_{k}}{\cos v_{k}} \right) = \tan ^{-1} \left( \frac{\sqrt{1-e^2} \sin E_{k}/(1-e \cos E_{k})}{(\cos E_{k}-e)/(1-e\cos E_{k})} \right) = \tan ^{-1} \left( \frac{\sqrt{1-e^2} \sin E_{k}}{\cos E_{k} - e} \right) \nonumber \\ +% & E_{k} & = & \cos ^{-1} \left( \frac{e+\cos v_{k}}{1+e \cos v_{k}} \right) \nonumber \\ +% & \Phi_{k} & = &\; v_{k} + \omega \nonumber \\ +% & \delta u_{k} & = &\; c_{us} \sin{2\Phi_{k}} + C_{us} \cos{2\Phi_{k}} \\ +% & \delta r_{k} & = &\; c_{rc} \cos{2\Phi_{k}} + C_{rs} \sin{2\Phi_{k}} \nonumber \\ +% & \delta i_{k} & = &\; c_{ic} \cos{2\Phi_{k}} + C_{is} \sin{2\Phi_{k}} \nonumber \\ +% & u_{k} & = &\; \Phi_{k} + \delta u_{k} \nonumber \\ +% & r_{k} & = &\; A(1-e\cos{E_{k}})+\delta r_{k} \nonumber \\ +% & i_{k} & = &\; i_{0} + \delta i_{k} + (IDOT)t_{k} \nonumber \\ +% & x_{k}^{'} & = &\; r_{k} \cos{u_{k}} \nonumber \\ +% & y_{k}^{'} & = &\; r_{k} \sin{u_{k}} \nonumber \\ +% & \Omega_{k} & = &\; \Omega_{0} + (\Omega - \Omega_{e})t_{k} - \Omega_{e}t_{oe} \nonumber \\ +% & x & = &\; x_{k}^{'} \cos{\Omega_{k}}-y_{k}^{'}\cos{i_{k}}\sin{\Omega_{k}} \nonumber \\ +% & y & = &\; x_{k}^{'} \sin{\Omega_{k}}-y_{k}^{'}\cos{i_{k}}\cos{\Omega_{k}} \nonumber \\ +% & z & = &\; y_{k}^{'} \sin{i_{k}} \nonumber +%\end{alignat} -\section{GPS Constants and equations} -\label{sec:gpsConsAndEq} -\begin{alignat}{4} - & A & = & \; (\sqrt{A})^2 \nonumber \\ - & n_{0} & = &\; \sqrt{\frac{\mu}{A^3}} \nonumber \\ - & t_{k} & = &\; t-t_{oe} \nonumber \\ - & n & = &\; n_{0} + \Delta n \nonumber \\ - & M_{k} & = &\; M_{0} + nt_{k} \nonumber \\ - & M_{k} & = &\; E_{k} - e\sin E_{k} \nonumber \\ - & v_{k} & = & \tan ^{-1} \left( \frac{\sin v_{k}}{\cos v_{k}} \right) = \tan ^{-1} \left( \frac{\frac{\sqrt{1-e^2} \sin E_{k}}{1-e \cos E_{k}}}{\frac{\cos E_{k}-e}{1-e\cos E_{k}}} \right) \nonumber \\ - & v_{k} & = & \tan ^{-1} \left( \frac{\sin v_{k}}{\cos v_{k}} \right) = \tan ^{-1} \left( \frac{\sqrt{1-e^2} \sin E_{k}/(1-e \cos E_{k})}{(\cos E_{k}-e)/(1-e\cos E_{k})} \right) = \tan ^{-1} \left( \frac{\sqrt{1-e^2} \sin E_{k}}{\cos E_{k} - e} \right) \nonumber \\ - & E_{k} & = & \cos ^{-1} \left( \frac{e+\cos v_{k}}{1+e \cos v_{k}} \right) \nonumber \\ - & \Phi_{k} & = &\; v_{k} + \omega \nonumber \\ - & \delta u_{k} & = &\; c_{us} \sin{2\Phi_{k}} + C_{us} \cos{2\Phi_{k}} \\ - & \delta r_{k} & = &\; c_{rc} \cos{2\Phi_{k}} + C_{rs} \sin{2\Phi_{k}} \nonumber \\ - & \delta i_{k} & = &\; c_{ic} \cos{2\Phi_{k}} + C_{is} \sin{2\Phi_{k}} \nonumber \\ - & u_{k} & = &\; \Phi_{k} + \delta u_{k} \nonumber \\ - & r_{k} & = &\; A(1-e\cos{E_{k}})+\delta r_{k} \nonumber \\ - & i_{k} & = &\; i_{0} + \delta i_{k} + (IDOT)t_{k} \nonumber \\ - & x_{k}^{'} & = &\; r_{k} \cos{u_{k}} \nonumber \\ - & y_{k}^{'} & = &\; r_{k} \sin{u_{k}} \nonumber \\ - & \Omega_{k} & = &\; \Omega_{0} + (\Omega - \Omega_{e})t_{k} - \Omega_{e}t_{oe} \nonumber \\ - & x & = &\; x_{k}^{'} \cos{\Omega_{k}}-y_{k}^{'}\cos{i_{k}}\sin{\Omega_{k}} \nonumber \\ - & y & = &\; x_{k}^{'} \sin{\Omega_{k}}-y_{k}^{'}\cos{i_{k}}\cos{\Omega_{k}} \nonumber \\ - & z & = &\; y_{k}^{'} \sin{i_{k}} \nonumber -\end{alignat} - -\begin{equation} -\label{eq:paramconst1} - \begin{split} - \mu_{e} = 3.986004418\cdot 10^{14} \frac{m^3}{s^2} - \end{split} -\quad\Longleftarrow\quad - \begin{split} - \mbox{Geocentric gravitational constant} - \end{split} -\end{equation} +%\begin{equation} +%\label{eq:paramconst1} +% \begin{split} +% \mu_{e} = 3.986004418\cdot 10^{14} \frac{m^3}{s^2} +% \end{split} +%\quad\Longleftarrow\quad +% \begin{split} +% \mbox{Geocentric gravitational constant} +% \end{split} +%\end{equation} -\begin{equation} -\label{eq:paramconst2} - \begin{split} - c= 2.99792458\cdot 10^{8} \frac{m}{s} - \end{split} -\quad\Longleftarrow\quad - \begin{split} - \mbox{speed of light} - \end{split} -\end{equation} \ No newline at end of file +%\begin{equation} +%\label{eq:paramconst2} +% \begin{split} +% c= 2.99792458\cdot 10^{8} \frac{m}{s} +% \end{split} +%\quad\Longleftarrow\quad +% \begin{split} +% \mbox{speed of light} +% \end{split} +%\end{equation} \ No newline at end of file -- cgit v1.2.3-55-g7522