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authorRefik Hadzialic2012-08-21 16:43:26 +0200
committerRefik Hadzialic2012-08-21 16:43:26 +0200
commit6ecac08dac0469f4e29449172c3c5d5d5aa4846f (patch)
tree6dbfceb17581d71d61d6ce59c07b49b2f2572607
parentGSM Network (diff)
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GSM Logical channels
-rw-r--r--vorlagen/thesis/maindoc.pdfbin6913815 -> 6923184 bytes
-rw-r--r--vorlagen/thesis/src/.kapitel_x.tex.kate-swpbin0 -> 48 bytes
-rw-r--r--vorlagen/thesis/src/img/GSMHierarchy.pdfbin10756 -> 10926 bytes
-rw-r--r--vorlagen/thesis/src/img/GSMHierarchy.svg26
-rw-r--r--vorlagen/thesis/src/kapitel_x.tex59
-rw-r--r--vorlagen/thesis/src/maindoc.lof18
-rw-r--r--vorlagen/thesis/src/maindoc.lot18
7 files changed, 99 insertions, 22 deletions
diff --git a/vorlagen/thesis/maindoc.pdf b/vorlagen/thesis/maindoc.pdf
index 2e897cc..622ea69 100644
--- a/vorlagen/thesis/maindoc.pdf
+++ b/vorlagen/thesis/maindoc.pdf
Binary files differ
diff --git a/vorlagen/thesis/src/.kapitel_x.tex.kate-swp b/vorlagen/thesis/src/.kapitel_x.tex.kate-swp
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..5d0bdff
--- /dev/null
+++ b/vorlagen/thesis/src/.kapitel_x.tex.kate-swp
Binary files differ
diff --git a/vorlagen/thesis/src/img/GSMHierarchy.pdf b/vorlagen/thesis/src/img/GSMHierarchy.pdf
index 7bd9c03..850f2d2 100644
--- a/vorlagen/thesis/src/img/GSMHierarchy.pdf
+++ b/vorlagen/thesis/src/img/GSMHierarchy.pdf
Binary files differ
diff --git a/vorlagen/thesis/src/img/GSMHierarchy.svg b/vorlagen/thesis/src/img/GSMHierarchy.svg
index 4a80ffd..5b57b86 100644
--- a/vorlagen/thesis/src/img/GSMHierarchy.svg
+++ b/vorlagen/thesis/src/img/GSMHierarchy.svg
@@ -23,7 +23,7 @@
inkscape:pageopacity="0.0"
inkscape:pageshadow="2"
inkscape:zoom="1.2482646"
- inkscape:cx="376.72108"
+ inkscape:cx="281.38873"
inkscape:cy="153.31155"
inkscape:document-units="px"
inkscape:current-layer="layer1"
@@ -60,7 +60,7 @@
<dc:format>image/svg+xml</dc:format>
<dc:type
rdf:resource="http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage" />
- <dc:title></dc:title>
+ <dc:title />
</cc:Work>
</rdf:RDF>
</metadata>
@@ -965,5 +965,27 @@
id="tspan4895"
x="195.02097"
y="316.74347">TDMA Frame = 8 Time slots [4.615ms]</tspan></text>
+ <text
+ xml:space="preserve"
+ style="font-size:16px;font-style:normal;font-weight:normal;line-height:125%;letter-spacing:0px;word-spacing:0px;fill:#000000;fill-opacity:1;stroke:none;font-family:Sans"
+ x="167.46912"
+ y="232.68979"
+ id="text5854"
+ sodipodi:linespacing="125%"><tspan
+ sodipodi:role="line"
+ id="tspan5856"
+ x="167.46912"
+ y="232.68979">for TCH</tspan></text>
+ <text
+ xml:space="preserve"
+ style="font-size:16px;font-style:normal;font-weight:normal;line-height:125%;letter-spacing:0px;word-spacing:0px;fill:#000000;fill-opacity:1;stroke:none;font-family:Sans"
+ x="481.10999"
+ y="232.68979"
+ id="text5854-0"
+ sodipodi:linespacing="125%"><tspan
+ sodipodi:role="line"
+ id="tspan5856-5"
+ x="481.10999"
+ y="232.68979">for CCH</tspan></text>
</g>
</svg>
diff --git a/vorlagen/thesis/src/kapitel_x.tex b/vorlagen/thesis/src/kapitel_x.tex
index c1755ab..baebf75 100644
--- a/vorlagen/thesis/src/kapitel_x.tex
+++ b/vorlagen/thesis/src/kapitel_x.tex
@@ -1490,12 +1490,12 @@ was defined due to internal synchronization of the GSM network and cyphering bet
\caption{Basic GSM network block diagram.}
\label{img:GSMBig}
\end{figure}
-
+\label{sec:GSMNetStruct}
BTS is the first hardware unit the cell phone is communicating with over the air interface
and provides a ``physical'' connection with the cell phone \citep[Chapter 3]{0890064717}. This physical connection between the
BTS and the cell phone is the \textit{$U_m$ interface}, as shown in figure \ref{img:GSMBig}. A BTS can serve up
-to seven users on one frequency since one out of eight time slot is used for broadcasting of signalling and system information,
-known as the broadcast control channel (BCCH). By sectorizing BTSs with different frequencies the number of seven mobile users
+to seven users on one frequency in full duplex mode since one out of eight time slot is used for broadcasting of signalling and system information,
+transmitted in the broadcast control channel (BCCH). By sectorizing BTSs with different frequencies the number of seven mobile users
can be increased. BTS consists of a RF tranceiver, internal clock and modulator/demodulator. The function of the RF transceiver is
to enable the reception and transmission on the uplink and downlink channel for the cell frequency where the
BTS is located\footnote{Cell is the area covered with GSM signal and from which a cell phone can communicate with a BTS.}.
@@ -1546,6 +1546,59 @@ ought to be tracked if they register \citep[Chapter 4]{0890064717}.
\newpage
\section{Logical channels and the SDCCH channel}
+In this section more details will be given on logical channels and the procedure to initialize (open) an SDCCH channel (Standalone
+Dedicated Control Channel). As mentioned in section \ref{sec:GSMNetStruct}, logical channels can be divided in two groups,
+traffic channels (TCH) and signalling channels (SCH). The former are employed for transfering payload data like speech and message data
+and the latter for managing and synchronizing the GSM network \citep[Chapter 4]{0470030704}.
+Traffic and signalling channels can be split up by their usage, as given in tables \ref{tbl:tchChannels} and \ref{tbl:cchChannels}.
+
+\begin {table}[hb]
+\caption{Traffic channels on the Air interface}
+\label{tbl:tchChannels}\centering
+%\rowcolor{2}{light-gray}{}
+\scriptsize\fontfamily{iwona}\selectfont
+\begin{tabular}{clccc}
+\toprule
+%$D$&&$P_u$&$\sigma_N$\\
+Channel name & Abbreviation & Function & Direction\\\toprule
+Traffic channel full rate &TCH/F & Full rate traffic transmission & MS$\leftrightarrow$BSS\\\midrule
+Traffic channel half rate&TCH/H& Half rate traffic transmission & MS$\leftrightarrow$BSS
+\\\bottomrule
+\end {tabular}
+\end {table}
+
+\begin {table}[hb]
+\caption{Control channels on the Air interface}
+\label{tbl:cchChannels}\centering
+%\rowcolor{2}{light-gray}{}
+\scriptsize\fontfamily{iwona}\selectfont
+\begin{tabular}{clccc}
+\toprule
+%$D$&&$P_u$&$\sigma_N$\\
+Channel name & Abbreviation & Function & Direction\\\toprule
+Frequency correction channel&FCCH &Frequency correction for oscillator on MS & MS$\leftarrow$BSS\\\midrule
+Synchronization channel&SCH&Synchronization information (TDMA frame& MS$\leftarrow$BSS\\
+ &&number to know current location in hyperframe)\\\midrule
+Broadcast common control channel&BCCH&Broadcast information about & MS$\leftarrow$BSS\\
+ &&current BTS and its neighbouring cells\\\midrule
+Access grant channel&AGCH&Required to assign the MS an SDCCH& MS$\leftarrow$BSS\\
+&&or TCH channels\\\midrule
+Paging channel&PCH &Paging request is sent out when MS has& MS$\leftarrow$BSS\\
+ &&incoming traffic (phone call, SMS, etc.)\\\midrule
+Cell broadcast channel&CBCH&Required to broadcast a message to all& MS$\leftarrow$BSS\\
+ &&MS inside of a MSC (e.q. weather forecast)\\\midrule
+Standalone dedicated control channel&SDCCH&Exchange of signalling information between&MS$\leftrightarrow$BSS\\
+ &&MS and BTS when no TCH is active\\\midrule
+Slow associated control channel&SACCH&Transmission of signalling data during an active&MS$\leftrightarrow$BSS\\
+ &&TCH connection (signal strength and sync. data)\\\midrule
+Fast associated control channel&FACCH&Transmission of signalling data during an active&MS$\leftrightarrow$BSS\\
+ &&connection but used only if necessary \\
+ &&(e.q. handover)\\\midrule
+Random access channel&RACH&Request from MS to BTS for a communication& MS$\rightarrow$BSS\\
+ &&channel (e.g. a phone call from MS)
+\\\bottomrule
+\end {tabular}
+\end {table}
diff --git a/vorlagen/thesis/src/maindoc.lof b/vorlagen/thesis/src/maindoc.lof
index b3dc762..3205241 100644
--- a/vorlagen/thesis/src/maindoc.lof
+++ b/vorlagen/thesis/src/maindoc.lof
@@ -29,16 +29,16 @@
\contentsline {figure}{\numberline {3.3}{\ignorespaces Hierarchy of the GSM frames.\relax }}{40}{figure.caption.31}
\contentsline {figure}{\numberline {3.4}{\ignorespaces Basic GSM network block diagram.\relax }}{42}{figure.caption.32}
\addvspace {10\p@ }
-\contentsline {figure}{\numberline {4.1}{\ignorespaces RRLP Request protocol. Assistance data can be sent before the request is made. If the assistance data are sent, their reception acknowledgement is sent as a response from the MS.\relax }}{48}{figure.caption.33}
-\contentsline {figure}{\numberline {4.2}{\ignorespaces An example RRLP request. Constructing a binary RRLP request in PER from ASN.1. Yellow zero bits are extension markers or spare bits. \relax }}{54}{figure.caption.34}
-\contentsline {figure}{\numberline {4.3}{\ignorespaces Reference location is a 14 octet stream built according to the given rule as specified in the standard \citep {3gppequations} under section \textit {7.3.6}.\relax }}{58}{figure.caption.35}
-\contentsline {figure}{\numberline {4.4}{\ignorespaces World Geodetic System 1984\relax }}{58}{figure.caption.36}
-\contentsline {figure}{\numberline {4.5}{\ignorespaces Requested AGPS assistance data to be delivered\relax }}{64}{figure.caption.41}
+\contentsline {figure}{\numberline {4.1}{\ignorespaces RRLP Request protocol. Assistance data can be sent before the request is made. If the assistance data are sent, their reception acknowledgement is sent as a response from the MS.\relax }}{48}{figure.caption.35}
+\contentsline {figure}{\numberline {4.2}{\ignorespaces An example RRLP request. Constructing a binary RRLP request in PER from ASN.1. Yellow zero bits are extension markers or spare bits. \relax }}{54}{figure.caption.36}
+\contentsline {figure}{\numberline {4.3}{\ignorespaces Reference location is a 14 octet stream built according to the given rule as specified in the standard \citep {3gppequations} under section \textit {7.3.6}.\relax }}{58}{figure.caption.37}
+\contentsline {figure}{\numberline {4.4}{\ignorespaces World Geodetic System 1984\relax }}{58}{figure.caption.38}
+\contentsline {figure}{\numberline {4.5}{\ignorespaces Requested AGPS assistance data to be delivered\relax }}{64}{figure.caption.43}
\addvspace {10\p@ }
\addvspace {10\p@ }
-\contentsline {figure}{\numberline {6.1}{\ignorespaces nanoBTS with its plastic cover. Image courtesy of ip.access ltd\relax }}{70}{figure.caption.45}
-\contentsline {figure}{\numberline {6.2}{\ignorespaces nanoBTS with two external antennas and five connection ports\relax }}{71}{figure.caption.47}
-\contentsline {figure}{\numberline {6.3}{\ignorespaces Navilock NL-402U, opened up with the antenna and USB cable\relax }}{72}{figure.caption.49}
-\contentsline {figure}{\numberline {6.4}{\ignorespaces Cable connections, showing interconnection diagram\relax }}{73}{figure.caption.50}
+\contentsline {figure}{\numberline {6.1}{\ignorespaces nanoBTS with its plastic cover. Image courtesy of ip.access ltd\relax }}{70}{figure.caption.47}
+\contentsline {figure}{\numberline {6.2}{\ignorespaces nanoBTS with two external antennas and five connection ports\relax }}{71}{figure.caption.49}
+\contentsline {figure}{\numberline {6.3}{\ignorespaces Navilock NL-402U, opened up with the antenna and USB cable\relax }}{72}{figure.caption.51}
+\contentsline {figure}{\numberline {6.4}{\ignorespaces Cable connections, showing interconnection diagram\relax }}{73}{figure.caption.52}
\addvspace {10\p@ }
\addvspace {10\p@ }
diff --git a/vorlagen/thesis/src/maindoc.lot b/vorlagen/thesis/src/maindoc.lot
index 77a51da..693ac6f 100644
--- a/vorlagen/thesis/src/maindoc.lot
+++ b/vorlagen/thesis/src/maindoc.lot
@@ -4,16 +4,18 @@
\addvspace {10\p@ }
\addvspace {10\p@ }
\contentsline {table}{\numberline {3.1}{\ignorespaces GSM operating frequencies in Germany\relax }}{38}{table.caption.28}
+\contentsline {table}{\numberline {3.2}{\ignorespaces Traffic channels on the Air interface\relax }}{45}{table.caption.33}
+\contentsline {table}{\numberline {3.3}{\ignorespaces Control channels on the Air interface\relax }}{45}{table.caption.34}
\addvspace {10\p@ }
-\contentsline {table}{\numberline {4.1}{\ignorespaces GPS UTC Model content\relax }}{59}{table.caption.37}
-\contentsline {table}{\numberline {4.2}{\ignorespaces Navigation message (ephemeris) content\relax }}{60}{table.caption.38}
-\contentsline {table}{\numberline {4.3}{\ignorespaces Almanac message content\relax }}{61}{table.caption.39}
-\contentsline {table}{\numberline {4.4}{\ignorespaces GPS Ionosphere Model content\relax }}{61}{table.caption.40}
-\contentsline {table}{\numberline {4.5}{\ignorespaces Requested AGPS assistance data bit meaning\relax }}{65}{table.caption.42}
+\contentsline {table}{\numberline {4.1}{\ignorespaces GPS UTC Model content\relax }}{59}{table.caption.39}
+\contentsline {table}{\numberline {4.2}{\ignorespaces Navigation message (ephemeris) content\relax }}{60}{table.caption.40}
+\contentsline {table}{\numberline {4.3}{\ignorespaces Almanac message content\relax }}{61}{table.caption.41}
+\contentsline {table}{\numberline {4.4}{\ignorespaces GPS Ionosphere Model content\relax }}{61}{table.caption.42}
+\contentsline {table}{\numberline {4.5}{\ignorespaces Requested AGPS assistance data bit meaning\relax }}{65}{table.caption.44}
\addvspace {10\p@ }
\addvspace {10\p@ }
-\contentsline {table}{\numberline {6.1}{\ignorespaces Indicator LED status on the nanoBTS\relax }}{74}{table.caption.48}
+\contentsline {table}{\numberline {6.1}{\ignorespaces Indicator LED status on the nanoBTS\relax }}{74}{table.caption.50}
\addvspace {10\p@ }
\addvspace {10\p@ }
-\contentsline {table}{\numberline {A.3.1}{\ignorespaces Example uncertainties (latitude and longitude) for various integer values of $K$\relax }}{87}{table.caption.56}
-\contentsline {table}{\numberline {A.3.2}{\ignorespaces Example uncertainties (altitude) for various integer values of $K$\relax }}{88}{table.caption.57}
+\contentsline {table}{\numberline {A.3.1}{\ignorespaces Example uncertainties (latitude and longitude) for various integer values of $K$\relax }}{87}{table.caption.58}
+\contentsline {table}{\numberline {A.3.2}{\ignorespaces Example uncertainties (altitude) for various integer values of $K$\relax }}{88}{table.caption.59}