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authorRefik Hadzialic2012-08-29 11:53:03 +0200
committerRefik Hadzialic2012-08-29 11:53:03 +0200
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treea7a13752be37f13ead21ee7b5608ea9f9fff1e38
parentRESULTS (diff)
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Results Test room 2
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diff --git a/vorlagen/thesis/maindoc.pdf b/vorlagen/thesis/maindoc.pdf
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+++ b/vorlagen/thesis/maindoc.pdf
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diff --git a/vorlagen/thesis/src/kapitel_x.tex b/vorlagen/thesis/src/kapitel_x.tex
index 7e8463a..c99f1fa 100644
--- a/vorlagen/thesis/src/kapitel_x.tex
+++ b/vorlagen/thesis/src/kapitel_x.tex
@@ -2820,43 +2820,35 @@ than 100 m \citep{installnanoBTS}.
\chapter{Results}
One of the most important parts of this thesis are the results that
-shall be presented in this chapter. Tests shall be elucidated and how the results
-were obtained. The results shall be analysed by the time required to perform a
+shall be presented in this chapter. Tests will be explained and how the results
+were obtained. Analysis of the results by the time required to perform a
localization of a GSM user and the geographical dislocation error using
-Google maps. After the results have been presented,
-a section with criticism demonstraces all the obstacles that may have appeared
-while the tests have been performed and why the results may biased. The criticism
-section represents a vital part of this thesis, aside from the given theoretical and
+Google maps are going to be discussed. Smart phones used
+for the test are going to be introduced and followed by the location
+of the tests. After the results have been presented,
+a section with criticism demonstrates all the obstacles that may have appeared
+while the tests have been performed and why some of the results may biased. The criticism
+section is a vital part of this thesis, aside from the given theoretical and
mathematical perspective of how AGPS works and why lack of time synchronization inside
GSM can be of critical value to correctly evaluate the results. It gives an additional
insight into the complete operation of the built localization system in this thesis.
-
-\newpage
\section{Tests \& Results}
\label{sec:tstRes}
-In this section a description of the performed tests shall be given. Albeit
-the goal was to develope a working positioning system, tests have been performed
+Although the main goal was to develop only a working positioning system, tests have been performed
mostly inside of a closed building, inside of three different rooms in the mathematics
-computer pool of the University of Freiburg (German: $Mathematisches$ $Rechenzentrum$)
-and once outside of the computer pool.
-In the following sections the smart phones used for the test shall be introduced,
-followed by the location of the tests and finally the results shall be presented.
-
-\begin{figure}[ht!]
- \centering
- \includegraphics[scale=0.38]{img/googlemapsResults.pdf}
- \caption{Test rooms as well as the results delivered by the smart phones.}
-\label{img:googlemapsResults}
-\end{figure}
+computer pool of the University of Freiburg (German: $Mathematik$ $Rechenzentrum$)
+and outside of the computer pool.
+\newpage
\subsection{Smart phones tested}
-The smart phone models tested within this work shall be listed here. The requirement for
-a cell phone to be taken into account for testing was its classification as a smart
-phone (having at least an AGPS receiver) and its availability (person's good will to
-share their smart phone for the purpose of testing). The following eleven
-models have satisfied the criterion and have been used to perform the tests,
-as given in table \ref{tbl:smartphones}.
+The requirement for a cell phone to be taken into account for testing was its
+classification as a smart phone (having at least an AGPS receiver) and
+its availability (person's good will to share their smart phone for the
+purpose of testing). The following eleven models have satisfied the
+criterion and have been used to perform the tests, as given in
+table \ref{tbl:smartphones}.
+
\begin {table}[ht]
\caption{Smart phone models used for testing in the thesis.}
\label{tbl:smartphones}\centering
@@ -2880,42 +2872,100 @@ $Blade$&ZTE, P.R. of China
\\\bottomrule
\end {tabular}
\end {table}
+
\subsection{Performed tests}
As stated in section \ref{sec:tstRes}, tests have been performed outside and inside
-of the computer pool building. How the test were performed shall be discussed in this
-section.
-
-Three different test modes were tried out, first only an RRLP request without any
-assistance data, second an RRLP request with almanac, UTC model, ionospheric model and
-reference location data and third an RRLP request with almanac, ephemeris, UTC model,
+of the computer pool building. Three different test modes were tried out,
+first only an RRLP request without any
+assistance data was sent. The second test included an RRLP request with almanac, UTC model, ionospheric model and
+reference location data. The last test was an RRLP request with almanac, ephemeris, UTC model,
ionospheric model and reference location data. The stated requests have been sent in an
-reverse order to see if the smart phones can actually make an usage of the assistance data.
+reverse order, to observe if the smart phones can actually make an usage of the assistance data.
+\begin{figure}[ht!]
+ \centering
+ \includegraphics[scale=0.38]{img/googlemapsResults.pdf}
+ \caption{Test rooms as well as the results delivered by the smart phones.}
+\label{img:googlemapsResults}
+\end{figure}
-The first tests took on the ground-floor of the computer pool, performed in
-the room near the server room, in figure \ref{img:googlemapsResults} depicted with a green dot as Test room 1.
-The smart phones were horizontally lying on the table 50 cm away from the window in the first test
-and in the second test vertically parallel to the windows. The smart phone position did not
+The first tests took place on the ground-floor of the computer pool,
+in figure \ref{img:googlemapsResults} depicted with a green dot as Test room 1.
+The smart phones were horizontally lying on the table $50 cm$ away from the window in the first test
+and in the second test vertically parallel to the window. The results of this two smart phone
+position tests in the room showed that smart phone position did not
make any influence on the test results. The delivered position coordinates by the smart
phones in all performed tests were in range of the green rectangle labeled with a white one.
According to Google Earth, Test room 1 has the following coordinates: latitude 48\textdegree 0'13.21"N and
longitude 7\textdegree 50'53.53"E. The results were 5-20 m away from the
-original position according to Google Earth. The smart phones that provided these results
+real position according to Google Earth. The smart phones that provided these results
were the $iPhone$ $3GS$ and $G1$. The $iPhone$ $3GS$ sent only a response when all assistance data
(almanac, ephemeris, UTC model, ionospheric model and reference location data) have been delivered
whereas the $G1$ only when the assistance data without ephemeris data were delivered or by only sending
an RRLP request without any assistance data. It is apparent from these facts that the $iPhone$ $3GS$
-had used the assistance data to estimate its position. Interestingly, the $G1$ did not deliver any results
+had used the assistance data to estimate its position otherwise it would send it is position back also
+when only an RRLP position request was sent. Interestingly, the $G1$ did not deliver any results
when the ephemeris data have been delivered to it. These findings suggest that the AGPS receiver in
$G1$ may not know how to employ the ephemeris data because it is one of the first ``real'' smart phones on the
-market. Later on we shall see other smart phones that are even older than the $G1$ not employing any of the
+market. Later on it can be seen other smart phones that are even older than the $G1$ can not employ any of the
assistance data.
-The second tests took place in Test room 2. Test room 2 is in the basement of the computer pool, with
-the following coordinates: latitude 48\textdegree 0'13.12"N and longitude 7\textdegree 50'53.50"E.
-The fact that the tests took place in basement adds an additional nature to the tests, the signal
-strength of GPS signals is even weaker. The GPS signal strength was measured with an external GPS
-receiver connected to the computer. The results from Test room 2 are most valuable
-because they provides additional evidence that without
+The second tests took place in Test room 2. Test room 2 is located in the basement of the
+computer pool, with the following coordinates: latitude 48\textdegree 0'13.12"N and
+longitude 7\textdegree 50'53.50"E. The fact tests took place in the basement adds
+an additional obstacle to the AGPS receiver in the MS, the signal strength of GPS
+signals is even weaker. The GPS signal strength was measured with an external GPS receiver
+connected to the computer and by its acquisition time it could be easily observed that the
+time required to track the satellites was a few times longer than in the Test room 1.
+The results from Test room 2 are most valuable because they have
+provided additional evidence that even without line of sight it is possible to
+receive weak GPS signals and approximate the position. The obtained results from
+the tests in Test room 2 can be seen in figure \ref{img:googlemapsResults}, two
+red rectangles labeled with a two in the left upper corner.
+It is somewhat surprising that different cell phone models delivered different
+positions (two different rectangle ranges) at different times of the day.
+This finding suggests that not the equal number of satellites were visible
+at the different time points when the tests have been performed.
+By observing the results in figure \ref{img:googlemapsResults},
+it is straightforward to see deviation of the estimated positions
+by comparing the tests performed in Test room 1 and 2.
+Albeit these two test rooms are geographically not far away from each other,
+the major difference is in their altitude and GPS signal strength reception.
+The estimated position deviation from the real position was greater
+with the GPS signal reception quality and with reduced satellites visibility.
+The majority of the performed tests in this work were performed in this room.
+Smart phones have been tested on the table which is $3 m$ away from the windows
+and on the window itself, as shown in figure \ref{img:smartphonepositions}.
+These small changes in position of the smart phone did not make any difference
+in the resulting estimated position. To find out if the delivered
+results are taken from the cache or some other memory in the
+smart phone, the same test have been performed in the basement hallway where no
+windows exist just after the smart phones delivered successfully their position
+in Test room 2. This test did not deliver any position but only time outs
+and errors. This test provided and confirmed that the smart phones are always
+performing a postion estimation at the moment when an RRLP request is sent
+to the MS.
+
+\begin{figure}
+ ~ %add desired spacing between images, e. g. ~, \quad, \qquad etc.
+ %(or a blank line to force the subfigure onto a new line)
+ \centering
+ \begin{subfigure}[b]{0.3\textwidth}
+ \centering
+ \includegraphics[width=\textwidth]{img/smartPhoneWindow.jpg}
+ \caption{Smart phones on the window.}
+ \label{fig:tiger}
+ \end{subfigure}
+ ~ %add desired spacing between images, e. g. ~, \quad, \qquad etc.
+ %(or a blank line to force the subfigure onto a new line)
+ \begin{subfigure}[b]{0.3\textwidth}
+ \centering
+ \includegraphics[width=\textwidth]{img/smartRoomTable.jpg}
+ \caption{Smart phones on the table.}
+ \label{fig:mouse}
+ \end{subfigure}
+ \caption{Test room 2 with the positions of the smart phones}\label{fig:animals}
+ \label{img:smartphonepositions}
+\end{figure}
Comparing the two results, it can be seen that
diff --git a/vorlagen/thesis/src/maindoc.lof b/vorlagen/thesis/src/maindoc.lof
index 4772cec..1af8fb9 100644
--- a/vorlagen/thesis/src/maindoc.lof
+++ b/vorlagen/thesis/src/maindoc.lof
@@ -42,5 +42,6 @@
\contentsline {figure}{\numberline {6.3}{\ignorespaces Navilock NL-402U, opened up with the antenna and USB cable\relax }}{72}{figure.caption.52}
\contentsline {figure}{\numberline {6.4}{\ignorespaces Cable connections, showing interconnection diagram\relax }}{73}{figure.caption.53}
\addvspace {10\p@ }
-\contentsline {figure}{\numberline {7.1}{\ignorespaces Test rooms as well as the results delivered by the smart phones.\relax }}{76}{figure.caption.54}
+\contentsline {figure}{\numberline {7.1}{\ignorespaces Test rooms as well as the results delivered by the smart phones.\relax }}{77}{figure.caption.55}
+\contentsline {figure}{\numberline {7.2}{\ignorespaces Test room 2 with the positions of the smart phones\relax }}{79}{figure.caption.56}
\addvspace {10\p@ }
diff --git a/vorlagen/thesis/src/maindoc.lot b/vorlagen/thesis/src/maindoc.lot
index 4efaedc..01a28a4 100644
--- a/vorlagen/thesis/src/maindoc.lot
+++ b/vorlagen/thesis/src/maindoc.lot
@@ -16,7 +16,7 @@
\addvspace {10\p@ }
\contentsline {table}{\numberline {6.1}{\ignorespaces Indicator LED status on the nanoBTS\relax }}{74}{table.caption.51}
\addvspace {10\p@ }
-\contentsline {table}{\numberline {7.1}{\ignorespaces Smart phone models used for testing in the thesis.\relax }}{77}{table.caption.55}
+\contentsline {table}{\numberline {7.1}{\ignorespaces Smart phone models used for testing in the thesis.\relax }}{76}{table.caption.54}
\addvspace {10\p@ }
-\contentsline {table}{\numberline {A.3.1}{\ignorespaces Example uncertainties (latitude and longitude) for various integer values of $K$\relax }}{91}{table.caption.61}
-\contentsline {table}{\numberline {A.3.2}{\ignorespaces Example uncertainties (altitude) for various integer values of $K$\relax }}{92}{table.caption.62}
+\contentsline {table}{\numberline {A.3.1}{\ignorespaces Example uncertainties (latitude and longitude) for various integer values of $K$\relax }}{91}{table.caption.62}
+\contentsline {table}{\numberline {A.3.2}{\ignorespaces Example uncertainties (altitude) for various integer values of $K$\relax }}{92}{table.caption.63}
diff --git a/vorlagen/thesis/src/maindoc.tex b/vorlagen/thesis/src/maindoc.tex
index 240cccb..53ef4d3 100644
--- a/vorlagen/thesis/src/maindoc.tex
+++ b/vorlagen/thesis/src/maindoc.tex
@@ -180,6 +180,7 @@ stepnumber=1, numbersep=5pt, numbers = none}
%NICE LISTENINGS BY REUF
\usepackage{caption}
+\usepackage{subcaption}
\DeclareCaptionFont{white}{\color{white}}
\DeclareCaptionFormat{listing}{\colorbox{gray}{\parbox{\textwidth}{#1#2#3}}}
\captionsetup[lstlisting]{format=listing,labelfont=white,textfont=white,margin={-0.12cm,0cm},oneside