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authorRefik Hadzialic2012-04-03 21:47:38 +0200
committerRefik Hadzialic2012-04-03 21:47:38 +0200
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@@ -30,23 +30,38 @@ functional GSM network with GPS localization capabilities. Firstly the nanoBTS
will be introduced since it is the main hardware component used for building a
basic GSM network infrastructure. Then a short insight into the used
GPS receiver will be given. Additionally the mobile stations used for
-testing of the system will be reviewed. Finally a hardware connection diagram
+testing of the system will be reviewed. Finally, a hardware connection diagram
will be given.
\section{GSM hardware - nanoBTS}
In recent years, there has been an increasing interest in deployment of
private cellular networks for research or in remote areas which lead to
the devolopment of diverse ``low-cost'' GSM hardware solutions. According to
-ip.access, the manufacturer of nanoBTS \citep{nanoGSM2007brochure}, it is the
-most deployed BTS hardware used for coverage of ``hard-to-reach places,
-in-buildings, remote areas, marine and aviation; public spaces''.
+ip.access\footnote{http://www.ipaccess.com}, the manufacturer of nanoBTS, it is the
+most deployed BTS hardware used for coverage of ``hard-to-reach places;
+in-buildings; remote areas; marine and aviation; and public spaces''.
A nanoBTS with its plastic cover can be seen in Figure \ref{img:nanoBTS}.
Our University GSM network consists of three nanoBTS stations. The deployed
nanoBTS in author's thesis works in the 1800 MHz frequency range,
for which the University of Freiburg had obtained a licence from the
-Federal Network Agency. The key limitation of gathering more technical data was
-the fact that nanoBTS is not an open source hardware however, the given
-technical data were sufficient for conducting the RRLP work.
+Federal Network Agency (German: $Bundesnetzagentur$). The transmission frequencies
+range between 1805-1880 MHz, with 200 KHz channel spacing and maximal output power
+of +13 dBm ($\approx$20 mW), whereas the receiving frequencies
+lie in the range between 1710-1785 MHz and same channel spacing of 200
+KHz \citep{nanoGSM2007brochure}.
+The key limitation of gathering more technical data lies in
+the fact that nanoBTS is not an open source hardware product however, the given
+technical data are sufficient for reproducing and conducting the RRLP tests.
+
+Author's test system operated on the ARFCN 877 channel. ARFCN (Absolute Radio
+Frequency Channel Number) defines the uplink and downlink channel frequency insdide
+the GSM network \citep{Richard2011Master}. ARFCN 877 corresponds to the uplink frequency
+of 1,783.2 MHz and a downlink frequency of 1,878.2 MHz, where the uplink direction
+represents the direction from the nanoBTS to the mobile stations and downlink vice versa.
+
+The decision to use the ARFCN 877
+channel was derived from the fact that the channel was free, measurements were
+carried out with a spectrum analyzer built on the USRP hardware.
\begin{figure}[ht!]
\label{img:nanoBTS}
@@ -59,6 +74,7 @@ technical data were sufficient for conducting the RRLP work.
\chapter*{Dictionary of acronyms}
\begin{itemize}
+\item \emph{ARFCN} - Absolute Radio Frequency Channel Number - The channel number specifies the physical frequency channel used for transmission and reception inside of an BTS covered area.
\item \emph{BTS} - Base Transceiver Station -
\item \emph{RRLP} - Radio Resource Location Protocol - The employed protocol in GSM, UMTS and other wireless networks for providing and exchange of geolocation information.
\item \emph{UMTS} - Universal Mobile Telecommunications System - Third generation mobile network based on the GSM standards.